Fine-Line Ink Illustration: The image relies on delicate, intricate black lines on a white canvas, mimicking traditional pen-and-ink or etching techniques.

High-Contrast Monochrome: It uses a stark negative space technique where the figure is almost entirely white (line art) set against a heavy, textured black background.

Stippling and Hatching: The texture in the background and the subtle shading on the face uses dots (stippling) and fine scratchy lines (hatching) to create depth without using gray wash.